![]() In this paper, two experimental specimens were made. The slit dampers were prepared with IPE profiles that had some holes in the webs. The slit dampers prevent plastic damages of column, beam, welds and panel zone and act as fuses. Plastic deformations and damages concentrate on slit dampers. This study introduces new connections that connect the beam to the column with slit dampers. Finally, recent developments of the PBPD method in the literature are also summarized and discussed. An example that illustrates the PBPD concept is provided. Key aspects of the PBPD method including the energy demand calculation, the force and member strength distribution to achieve uniform damage, and hysteretic consideration are reviewed and discussed. This paper provides an overview of the concept, the framework, and the development of the PBPD method. The underlying energy equation has also been used for seismic evaluation and retrofitting design of existing structures. Since its inception, the method has been successfully applied to a variety of steel and RC framing systems. Plastic design is specifically used to design the structure to achieve the selected mechanism and ensure uniform damage. The method directly accounts for inelastic behavior and considers the internal force distribution at the ultimate limit state by ensuring the formation of a pre-selected yield mechanism. The required frame strength is derived corresponding to a target deformation level and a selected yield mechanism using the energy balance concept. The Performance-based Plastic Design (PBPD) Method is a practical seismic design and evaluation approach based on an energy concept. The results also show that the collapse probability of frames that are designed by PBPD method is acceptable. However the yield mechanism is controllable and plastic deformation capacity of structures are better conducted to design in PBPD method. Results show that dual frames that are designed by PBPD method have less stiffness and strength than frames that are designed by ordinary method. To assess the behavior of each system, nonlinear pushover and time history analysis are conducted. In this regard, three 6, 12 and 20 story structures are designed based on PBPD and conventional method. In the proposed PBPD method, the shear resistance of each system is selected at the beginning of design process and this criterion can be contributed to the design process directly. As a code requirement, in dual systems the moment frame must be able to resist at least 25 percent of the base shear. In this study, the PBPD method is extended to the dual system of moment and eccentrically braced frames. To solve this problem, in recent years the Performance-based Plastic Design (PBPD) method which considers the plastic behavior of the structure, has been proposed. This may lead to unsuitable design and may cause undesirable damages to the structure. Most structural design codes use elastic analysis to calculate and distribute seismic base shear over the height.
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